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Heavy Metal is an American science fiction and fantasy comics magazine, published beginning in 1977. The magazine is known primarily for its blend of dark fantasy/science fiction and erotica and steampunk comics.

Unlike the traditional American comic books of that time bound by the restrictive Comics Code Authority, Heavy Metal featured explicit content. The magazine started out as a licensed translation of the French science-fantasy magazine Métal hurlant, including work by Enki Bilal, Philippe Caza, Guido Crepax, Philippe Druillet, Jean-Claude Forest, Jean Giraud (a.k.a. Moebius), Chantal Montellier, and Milo Manara. The magazine later ran Stefano Tamburini and Tanino Liberatore's ultra-violent RanXerox. Heavy Metal gradually evolved into a publication featuring North American contributors such as Richard Corben, Matt Howarth, Stephen R. Bissette, Alex Ebel, John Holmstrom, Paul Kirchner, Terrance Lindall, Gray Morrow, Walt Simonson, Dan Steffan, Jim Steranko, John Shirley, Arthur Suydam, Bernie Wrightson, and Olivia De Berardinis.

As cartoonist/publisher Kevin Eastman saw it, Heavy Metal published European art which had not been previously seen in the United States, as well as demonstrating an underground comix sensibility that nonetheless 'wasn't as harsh or extreme as some of the underground comix – but . . . definitely intended for an older readership.'^[1]

Publication history[edit]

In the mid-1970s, while publisher Leonard Mogel was in Paris to jump-start the French edition of National Lampoon, he discovered Métal hurlant (which had debuted in 1975). The French title translates literally as 'Howling Metal'.

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Heavy Metal began in the U.S. in April 1977 as a glossy, full-color monthly. Since the color pages had already been shot in France, the budget to reproduce them in the U.S. version was greatly reduced.

Mogel published Heavy Metal under the name HM Communications, Inc. After running as a monthly for its first nine years, in the winter of 1986 Heavy Metal dropped to a quarterly schedule, continuing until March 1989, when it switched to a bi-monthly schedule. HM Communications published 136 issues in 16 volumes from April 1977 to March 1992. (Meanwhile, the original Métal Hurlant had ceased publication in France in 1987. It resumed in July 2002, published by Les Humanoïdes Associés, but folded again in 2004.)

Kevin Eastman, co-creator of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, who had grown up reading Heavy Metal, took over publication of the magazine with volume 16 in May 1992, under the name Metal Mammoth, Inc.

Eastman sold the magazine to digital and music veteran David Boxenbaum and film producer Jeff Krelitz in January 2014. Eastman continued to serve as publisher of the magazine and is a minority investor in the new Heavy Metal,^[2] which is now published by Heavy Metal Media, LLC. In 2019 Heavy Metal saw a regime change to CEO Matthew Medney, and Creative Overlord David Erwin (Formerly of DC Entertainment).

Artists[edit]

Heavy Metal's high-quality artwork is notable. Work by international fine artists such as H. R. Giger and Esteban Maroto have been featured on the covers of various issues. Terrance Lindall's illustrated version of Milton's epic poemParadise Lost appeared in the magazine in 1980.^[3] Many stories were presented as long-running serials, such as those by Richard Corben, Pepe Moreno and Matt Howarth. Illustrators like Luis Royo and Alex Ebel contributed artwork over the course of their careers. An adaptation of the film Alien named Alien: The Illustrated Story, written by Archie Goodwin and drawn by Walter Simonson, was published in the magazine in 1979.

Editors and features[edit]

The founding editors of the American edition of Heavy Metal were Sean Kelly and Valerie Marchant. The founding Design Director was Peter Kleinman. Kleinman was the Design Director of National Lampoon at the time (also published by Leonard Mogel), and he was asked to provide direction for the fledgling project in addition to his Lampoon duties. He created the original Heavy Metal logo design at the request of Mogel and Matty Simmons, and was responsible for the launch and art direction from the first issue.

The Heavy Metal logo was Kleinman's homage to Kabel Black, one of his favorite typefaces.^{[citation needed]} He was experimenting with a visual pun — pushing down the characters in the word 'Heavy' to emphasize the visual parody of the letters' 'weighty quality' — and in the middle of his design efforts, Simmons saw it, scooped it off of Kleinman's drafting table, and presented it to Mogel and the rest of the board. It was an instant hit and has been used as the basic logo ever since. Peter Kleinman continued to oversee the publication design and work on cover designs for the first two years, and hired art director and designer John Workman,^[4] who brought to the magazine a background of experience at DC Comics and other publishers.

After two years, Mogel felt the magazine's lack of text material was a drawback, and in 1979, he replaced Kelly and Marchant with Ted White, highly regarded in the science fiction field for revitalizing Amazing Stories and Fantastic between 1968 and 1978. White and Workman immediately set about revamping the look of Heavy Metal, incorporating more stories and strips by American artists, including Arthur Suydam, Dan Steffan, Howard Cruse and Bernie Wrightson.

White's main solution to the problem of adding substantive text material was a line-up of columns by four authorities in various aspects of popular culture: Lou Stathis wrote about rock music and Jay Kinney dug into underground comics, while Steve Brown reviewed new science fiction novels and Bhob Stewart explored visual media from fantasy films to animation and light shows.

In 1980, Julie Simmons-Lynch took over as editor, and her new slant on text material was the showcasing of science fiction by well-known authors such as Robert Silverberg, John Shirley, William Gibson and Harlan Ellison. Later, a review section labeled Dossier, was created by associate editor Brad Balfour, who came on board to handle text features by authors such as William S. Burroughs and Stephen King. Dossier featured short pieces by a variety of writers, and was edited first by Balfour and then by Stathis, who soon replaced Balfour as an editor. Stathis continued the tradition of focusing on pop culture figures to connect the magazine to the larger hip culture context. There were also interviews with such media figures as Roger Corman, Federico Fellini, John Sayles and John Waters. In the Winter of 1986 original design director Peter Kleinman was brought back on staff and Simmons-Lynch remained the editor until 1993. Kevin Eastman had acquired the magazine the year before and became both publisher and editor after that date.

Comics writer Grant Morrison became editor in chief beginning with the April 2016 issue of the magazine.^[5] He now serves as creative advisor.

As of issue #298, Tim Seeley became editor in chief. ^[6]

In other media[edit]

Films[edit]

In 1981, an animated feature film was adapted from several of the magazine's serials. Made on a budget of U.S. $9.3 million and under production for three years, Heavy Metal featured animated segments from several different animation houses with each doing a single story segment. Another house animated the frame story which tied all the disparate stories together. Like the magazine, the movie featured a great deal of nudity and graphic violence, though not to the degree seen in the magazine; for example, its Den segment did not display the blatant male genitalia of its print counterpart. The film featured such SCTV talents as John Candy, Eugene Levy, Harold Ramis and Ivan Reitman. It did reasonably well in its theatrical release and soon gained a cult status, partially because of a problem with music copyrights that resulted in a delay of several years before the film became officially available on home video. The home video release featured different music in the opening segment (the cause of the initial home video release delay) and included a segment that was not included in the theatrical release.

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Another animated feature film called Heavy Metal 2000, with a budget of $15 million, was released in 2000. This direct-to-video release was not based on stories from the magazine but was instead based on The Melting Pot, a graphic novel written by Kevin Eastman and drawn by artist Simon Bisley, who based the appearance of the female protagonist after nude model and B-movie actress Julie Strain, then-wife of Kevin Eastman. Strain later lent her vocal talents to the movie, portraying the character modeled after her likeness.

During 2008^[7][8] and into 2009,^[9] reports circulated that David Fincher and James Cameron would executive produce and, each, direct two of the eight to nine segments of a new animated Heavy Metal feature. Kevin Eastman would also direct a segment, as well as animator Tim Miller, Zack Snyder, Gore Verbinski and Guillermo del Toro. Paramount Pictures decided to stop funding the film by August 2009^[10] and no distributor or production company has shown interest in the second sequel, since.^[11] In 2011, filmmaker Robert Rodriguez announced at Comic-Con that he had purchased the film rights to Heavy Metal and planned to develop a new animated film at the new Quick Draw Studios.^[12]

An animated 3D film entitled War of the Worlds: Goliath, created as a sequel to H.G. Wells' The War of the Worlds and based on a story previously published in the magazine, was produced by The Tripod Group and released in Malaysia in 2012.^[13][14]

The series 'Interceptor' is being adapted into a film.^[15]

On March 15, 2019, the Fincher project was released on Netflix as a reimagining titled Love, Death & Robots.^[16]

Video games[edit]

Heavy Metal 2000 inspired a video game sequel released in 2000, the PC action-adventure Heavy Metal: F.A.K.K.². It was developed by Ritual Entertainment.

In 2001, Capcom released Heavy Metal: Geomatrix, an arcade fighting game that later made its way to Sega's Dreamcast console. Though not based on any specific material from Heavy Metal, it featured character designs by frequent contributor Simon Bisley and a style generally inspired by the magazine.

In 2017, upstart pinball company PinHeadz LLC hinted that they had secured the right to use the Heavy Metal license in a physical pinball table; the table itself will be designed through a collaboration between PinHeadz, the pinball artist Zombie Yeti (known for his work on tables such as Stern's Ghostbusters) and legendary pinball designer Pat Lawlor, who has designed games such as Twilight Zone and The Addams Family.

See also[edit]

• Raw magazine

References[edit]

1. ^Wiater, Stanley & Bissette, Stephen R. (ed.s) Comic Book Rebels: Conversations with the Creators of the New Comics (Donald I. Fine, Inc. 1993) ISBN1-55611-355-2
2. ^Graser, Marc. 'From Print to Producer: Heavy Metal Magazine Finds Buyers and New Future in Hollywood (EXCLUSIVE),'Variety (January 17, 2004).
3. ^Williamsburg Art & Historical Center with Lindall's illustrations for Paradise Lost
4. ^Arndt, Richard J. 'A 2005 Interview with Steve Bissette About Bizarre Adventures!' Enjolrasworld.com: Marvel’s Black & White Horror Magazines Checklist. Accessed May 8, 2013.
5. ^Jensen, Jeff (July 6, 2015). 'Heavy Metal is getting a punk rock facelift under new editor Grant Morrison'. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved April 21, 2016.
6. ^Johnston, Rich (March 12, 2020). 'SCOOP: Tim Seeley is the New Editor-In-Chief of Heavy Metal Magazine'. Bleeding Cool. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
7. ^Michael Fleming (March 13, 2008). 'Par, Fincher put pedal to 'Metal' Eastman, Miller to direct animated segments'. Variety. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
8. ^Alex Billington (September 4, 2008). 'Zack Snyder, Gore Verbinski, Guillermo del Toro Directing Heavy Metal Segments?'. firstshowing.net. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
9. ^Fleming, Mike. 'Fincher Brings Mettle To Passion Project'. Deadline.
10. ^'Heavy Metal comic to become a film' from ABC.net
11. ^MTV News (August 25, 2010). 'David Fincher Can't Get Funding for 'Heavy Metal''. worstpreviews.com. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
12. ^Film School Rejects (July 21, 2011). 'SDCC: Robert Rodriguez Takes Heavy Metal'. comingsoon.net. Retrieved November 26, 2011.
13. ^Heavy Metal Magazine Fan Page (November 7, 2010). 'War of the Worlds: Goliath'. heavymetalmagazinefanpage.com. Retrieved November 26, 2011.
14. ^Heavy Metal Magazine (November 7, 2010). 'War of the Worlds: Goliath, an Animated Steampunk Epic'. Heavy Metal. Archived from the original on November 27, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2011.
15. ^'Heavy Metal Developing Sci-Fi Vampire Comic 'Interceptor' For The Screen (Exclusive)'. hollywoodreporter.com.
16. ^Schwartz, Terri (March 16, 2019). 'HOW DAVID FINCHER AND TIM MILLER'S HEAVY METAL REBOOT BECAME NETFLIX'S LOVE, DEATH & ROBOTS'. IGN. Retrieved March 17, 2019.

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External links[edit]

• 'Humanoids Publishing'. Archived from the original on February 2, 2004.

1776

After crossing the Delaware River into New Jersey, George Washington leads an attack on Hessian mercenaries at Trenton, and takes 900 men prisoner.

1786

Daniel Shay leads a rebellion in Massachusetts to protest the seizure of property for the non-payment of debt.

1806

Napoleon's army is checked by the Russians at the Battle of Pultusk.

1862

38 Santee Sioux are hanged in Mankato, Minnesota for their part in the Sioux Uprising in Minnesota. Little Crow has fled the state.

1866

Brig. Gen. Philip St. George Cooke, head of the Department of the Platte, receives word of the Fetterman Fight in Powder River County in the Dakota territory.

1917

As a wartime measure, President Woodrow Wilson places railroads under government control, with Secretary of War William McAdoo as director general.

1925

Six U.S. destroyers are ordered from Manila to China to protect interests in the civil war that is being waged there.

1932

Over 70,000 people are killed in a massive earthquake in China.

1941

General Douglas MacArthur declares Manila an open city in the face of the onrushing Japanese Army.

1943

The German battleship Scharnhorst is sunk by British ships in an Arctic fight.

1944

Advancing Soviet troops complete their encirclement of Budapest in Hungary.

1945

The United States, Soviet Union and Great Britain, end a 10-day meeting, seeking an atomic rule by the UN Council.

1953

The United States announces the withdrawal of two divisions from Korea.

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1962

Eight East Berliners escape to West Berlin, crashing through gates in an armor-plated bus.

1966

Dr. Maulana Karenga celebrates the first Kwanza, a seven-day African-American celebration of family and heritage.

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1979

The Soviet Union flies 5,000 troops to intervene in the Afghanistan conflict.

1982

Time magazine chooses a personal computer as it 'Man of the Year,' the first non-human ever to receive the honor.

1991

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The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union formally dissolves the Soviet Union.

1996

Workers in South Korea's automotive and shipbuilding industries begin the largest labor strike in that country's history, protesting a new law that made firing employees easier and would curtail the rights of labor groups to organize.

1996

JonBenet Ramsey, a six-year-old beauty queen, is found beaten and strangled to death in the basement of her family's home in Boulder, Colorado, one of the most high-profile crimes of the late 20th century in the US.

1999

Lothar, a violent, 36-hour windstorm begins; it kills 137 and causes $1.3 billion (US dollars) damage in Central Europe.

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2004

A tsunami caused by a 9.3-magnitude earthquake kills more than 230,000 along the rim of the Indian Ocean.

2006

Former U.S. President Gerald R. Ford dies at age 93. Ford was the only unelected president in America's history.